Cataract surgery is a common procedure performed by ophthalmologists to treat cataracts, which cause clouding of the lens in the eye. During the surgery:

Anesthesia: Typically, local anesthesia is used, and the patient remains awake. Sometimes, general anesthesia might be used.

Incision: The surgeon makes a small incision in the eye.

Removal of the Clouded Lens: Using various techniques (like phacoemulsification), the cloudy lens is broken into small pieces and removed.

Insertion of Intraocular Lens (IOL): Once the natural lens is removed, an artificial intraocular lens is inserted into the eye to replace the removed lens. This artificial lens helps restore clear vision.

Closing the Incision: The incision made in the eye is typically self-healing or may require a few stitches, depending on the surgical technique used.